<![CDATA[Iowa Heritage Digital Collections]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/browse/page/11?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Public+schools&output=rss2 Fri, 29 Mar 2024 09:04:42 +0000 publications@silo.lib.ia.us (Iowa Heritage Digital Collections) Zend_Feed http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss <![CDATA[021_Requirements for Junior High School Graduation]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51766

Title

021_Requirements for Junior High School Graduation

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Digital Reproduction Information

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File Name

Page019CurriculumHistoryIII.jpg

Transcription

1925 Requirements for Graduation Junior High Schools The following is the schedule of subjects offered in the junior high schools. (7th, 8th and 9th grades).
021_ Requirements for Junior High Graduation Studies Offered in High School.jpg
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Mon, 04 Mar 2013 16:13:45 +0000
<![CDATA[011_First Graduating Class]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51765

Title

011_First Graduating Class

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

File Name

page009FirstGraduatingClass.jpg

Transcription

First graduating class The first graduating class exercises from the West Des Moines Public Schools was in 1868. There were four members of the class, one boy and three girls. This matter of the girls outnumbering the boys continued throughout most of the 1800's. The old high school classes which were housed originally in a few rooms at the top of old Crocker school at 6th & School (now 6th & Freeway), were moved in the fall of 1868 to the old third ward building at the corner of 9th & Locust. This was an old building and one morning during the opening devotional exercises the plaster from the entire ceiling fell upon the heads bowed in prayer. Amidst the cries and groans that followed, it is recorded that the prayer remained unfinished. (This Was a matter before supreme court decision.) With the sad state of repair of this old building the voters finally agreed to issue bonds for a new building and the resulting structure was a magnificent edifice known as Lincoln School at 9th & Mulberry. (This is the present site on which the main fire station is built today-in the 1970's.) Deplorable condition for a high school building. A good idea of how difficult the school house situation was may be gained from the following clipping from the Iowa State Register of March 9, 1865; "The third ward building is a miserable structure never adapted for school purposes and as years go by it becomes more and more unsuitable. In a very few years this place must be supplied by a new one. By using it to its full capacity with the other two schoolhouses the accomodations can be funished to only two out of every five children in this school district". Evidently school attendance was not mandatory in this era. As noted above the citizens did vote for a new school and Lincoln school was described as the largest and best building of the west, costing at the time it was erected some $80,000. Some newspaper reports point out that it was erected in the heart of one of the residential districts in the city. The Lincoln building which is pictured here was somewhat reminiscent of castles out of England. Notice the many chimneys that adorned the building; they were not for looks but for the simple expedient of fireplaces that were used to heat this large structure. Lincoln housed all the high school students not only from the West Des Moines school district, which was that area which is basically downtown Des Moines at the present time, but also included those who lived south of the Raccoon River which is now the present southside Des Moines. West High School had a lady principal by the name of Miss Charlotte Mann in the 1870's who was a niece of Horace Mann. The records show that Miss Mann married the president of the school board and became Mrs. Cooper. Miss Mann was principal from 1871-72. It is pointed out that there were other women principals of West High through the years; Mrs. Louise Morrow was principal 1886-1888. She was succeeded by a Celia Ford, principal, 1888-1890. No other names of women principals appear for West High from this point on. In the same vein of recognizing outstanding women, May Goodrell, of course, was the outstanding principal of East High School for many years and in turn joined the central staff and became the director of what is now the Pupil Services Department. Cary School (Photograph) E. 14th and Court Clarkson (Lake Park) School (Photograph) 6th and Boston A continued growth of Des Moines and the increasing school population soon made even the new magnificent Lincoln school building overcrowded. There was a demand by more and more citizens for an adequate high school building to serve students adequately. The prosperity in the nation of the 1870's, and 1880's was such that people were demanding more education for their young people. Business was booming and there was general prosperity. Just as the previous school buildings became crowded, history continued to repeat itself. Then in the year 1888 it was decided that a new building should be erected at 15th & Center and that the high school unit which was on the top floor of the Lincoln building at 9th & Mulberry should be abandoned. A splendid three-story red brick building was dedicated April 19, 1889, with imposing ceremonies, music, speeches and, of course, a flag presentation by the Grand Army of the Republic. One of the speakers remarked: "We have now a new building capable of furnishing room enough for the next twenty years." The Cooper School (Photograph) 13ih and Cottage Crocker SchooL (Photograph) 6ih and School
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Mon, 04 Mar 2013 16:03:45 +0000
<![CDATA[009_Smith-Hughes Act]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51764

Title

009_Smith-Hughes Act

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

009_Smith-HughesAct.jpg

Transcription

Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 Another landmark piece of legislation was the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 which provided the first major federal fiscal support for schools. It was a categorical aid measure involving federal supervision over the expenditure of the authorized funds. This vocational education act was aimed at improving education in agricultural and industrial subjects, the trades and home economics in public secondary schools by the original maximum authorization of $7,000,000 a year to be used for training teachers in these subjects, partial payment of their salaries, and research into the needs and provisions for such education. However, in order to participate, the states had to accept the law and submit specific plans for federal approval and matching federal monies. The Smith-Hughes Act was further reinforced by the George-Deen Law in 1936 which was replaced by the George-Barten Law in 1946. This broadened the program by involving more aspects of home economics and family living and strengthened the program through teacher education. The vocational education act of 1963 and the vocational education act of 1968 further stimulated education in the area of home economics. A third categorical aid program was launched in 1958 and was known as the National Defense Education Act. It contained an equalization formula and allocated funds to private as well as public schools. As the name would imply, the act was based on the concern for national security as it related to American scientific and technical competence. Under Title III of the act, $70,000,000 was authorized for the purchase of equipment and remodeling of facilities for instruction in science, mathematics and foreign languages in schools. The NDEA was modified and expanded by subsequent legislation. Part of this change taking place was the addition of history, civics, geography, economics, English, and reading to the categories in Title III. Three major educational revolutions have occurred in the last 100 years: 1. In the 1830s Horrace Mann's idea that a grammar school education was a right for every child. 2. In 1874 the Kalamazoo decision which authorized public funds for high schools. 3. The GI Bill of Rights of 1944. This launched a third revolution by opening higher education to millions of Americans. In 1971 it has been estimated that over eleven million persons had availed themselves of the benefits offered by this and succeeding bills. Many historians have rated the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 as one of the most enlightened pieces of legislation ever enacted by the Congress of the United States. It made college a reality for millions who had never seen the inside of an institution of higher learning. It not only broadened their educational attainments but also raised the sights for these men and the families that they had. It set another higher rung on the educational ladder as an achievement that was within the grasp and possibility for millions more of Americans. Even judged by strictly financial terms, investment in the GI Bill programs was an outstanding success. In general the higher a person's educational level, the higher his income will tend to be. This was a fact amply demonstrated by the experience of millions of veterans who had been assisted under the provisions of the GI Bill. President Lyndon Johnson stated that the added taxes on the higher incomes thus made possible amounted in the year 1966 to an estimated $60 billion. Since the cost of the two programs came to approximately $19 billion, they had at that point already paid for themselves three times over. Louisa Mae Alcott School (Photograph) East 12th and Lyon Army Post School no.1 (Photograph) Ft. Des Moines Army Post Clara Barton School (Photograph) 56th and Park Avenue Benton School (Photograph)
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Mon, 04 Mar 2013 15:51:04 +0000
<![CDATA[008_History Overview]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51763

Title

008_History Overview

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

008_HistoryOverview.jpg

Transcription

6 Bicentennial Reflections Schools and education have changed a great deal from 1776 to 1976. In these 200 years the schools have tended to relfect the ideas, aspirations and daily life of the American people more than any other institution. Throughout these two centures the school boards have become the closest political subdivision to the people than any other aspect of city, state, or federal government agencies. Because of this proximty, the schools have been and continue to be responsive to the demands and will of the people. During the first half of the 19th century Americans turned increasingly to education as the answer for the nations' political, social, religious, and economic problems. In 1832 during his first candidacy for the Illinois House of Representatives, Abraham Lincoln called education the most important subject which Americans as a people could be engaged. Thoas Jefferson was one who spoke out on many occasions about the importance of education. Very few persons doubted the Jeffersonian statement that a nation could not long remain ignorant and free. However, in the United States which was mainly agrarian, the common school of eight grades was deemed satisfactory and sufficient for most students. For a few who wished advanced training and would be college bound the private academies were the main route to go. Horace Mann, secretary to the Baord of Education of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts between 1837 and 1848, was an early leader in the public school movement. Mann's often quoted statement was the education is "the great equalized, the conditions of men, the balance wheel of the social machinery." The first high school established was the Boton English, opened in 1821, and by the start of the Civil War, Massachusetts hwas 103 high schools or roughly one to every three towns and cities. Historically, the popular sentiment for replacing the private academies with a new sort of institution, the public high school, first surfaced in a large measure in the 1830's and continued to spread during the next few decades. AS indicated above the first public high school began in 1821, but there were no more than 100 public high schools by 1850. The 1874 Kalamazoo decisionof the Michigan Supreme Court stated that the high schoolwas a part of the common school system and that the establishment of the high school was implied in the state constitution. Thus, it became legal to tax property to support a high school unit that would be free and open to all. The high school had been slow in developing because of repeated challenges by taxpayers for using public monies for the education of a "small, privileged portion of the population." The Kalamazoo decision of 1874 was one of those landmark decisions which opened the way for the establishment of the high school throughout the nation and in time for its acceptance as an approved path for still higher education. The "free" high schools thus established spelled the decline of the private academies that charged tuition. Even with the establishments of free high schools in many communities there were often relatively few high school graduates inasmuch as the labor market could absorb students who has six, seven, or eight years of schooling. Recall the the United States was basically an agrarian society and the need for skilled labor was just beginning to be required by the needs of the industrial rrevolution. As a more technological society emerged so was there an increased demand for more educated workers. Contrary to general belief in its early history in the mied-1800s the high school was not popular with the working class. They tended to view it as an upper class instutions, irrelevant to their aspirations and impossible for them to utilize since adolescent earnings were important to the family. In Des Moines, the West Des Moines Public Schools inaugurated a high school in 1864. The first graduates were in 1868. High school graduating classes numbered anywhere from four to six for a number of years. The East Des Moines Public Schools launched their high school in 1866 and the first high school graduate was Elizabeth Matthews in 1871. The high schools in the West Des Moines Public School District, East Des Moines Public School District, North Des Moines Public School District, Capital Park Public School District and Grant Park Public School District as well as the twenty other suburban districts such as Greenwoor, Oak Park, Oak Dale, and Chesterfield housed grades 9-12 on the upper floor of one of their grammar school buidlings for a number of years. Later in this booklet the history of the high schools is given and the buildings that were built to accommodate them. The point is that there was not a big demand by parents for high school education for their children. Those who did attend high school were mainly the college-bound students and they were attending the high school instead of the private academy. Land Grant Colleges The Morril Act of 1862 was another development in liberalizing access to higher education with the extablishment of land grant colleges. The Morrill Act which authorized these colleges--in Iowa, Iowa State University at Ames, for example--represented the first direction on the part of the nation government to provide educational opportunity. It is interesting that this governmental action was first appled to the one community, the agricultural, which was national and which had definable needs and the power to express these needs. It was a landmark decidion, too, inasmuch as it introduced a new political idea that despite the constitutional restrictions on the power of the federal government to manage and control education, the government could nevertheless support and facilitate the development of specific forms of education whenever such development was determined to be in the national interest.
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Mon, 04 Mar 2013 15:27:08 +0000
<![CDATA[005_To the Fifth Grade Pupils]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51762

Title

005_To the Fifth Grade Pupils

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

005_FifthGradePupils.jpg

Transcription

TO THE FIFTH GRADE PUPILS-- In 1976 our nation is observing its bicentennial and for the Des Moines Schools it will mark our 130th birthday. In marking the ages of political institutions both dates note longevity. In the balance of ages of civilization, it is a short interval. Our bicentennial is a time for joy in our accomplishments and for solemn reflection on the future. As students you will learn many things in your study of Iowa history and the geography of the state. In various books you will learn about historical events pertaining to the entire state. This supplementary booklet will provide many historical highlights of the development of schools within the city of Des Moines. This local history will give many details that could not be incorporated in books used throughout the state of Iowa. Through the years the citizens of Des Moines have demonstrated their belief in the values of education by providing excellent school buildings, adequate textbooks and a well-educated staff of teachers. The chances are that you have always accepted the fact that you had a school to attend. It was there. It had a name, possibly for some president such as Washington, Jefferson or Jackson, or for some local person such as Rice, Hubbell or Watrous. Did you ever stop to observe that most Des Moines Schools have had one or more sections added at one time or another? When were they built? Where did the names come from that were used for the buildings? These are a few of the questions that might be asked. On the following pages you will find a history of the Des Moines Independent Community School District. You will find that this name is a very recent one since it was acquired only in 1957. The history on the ensuing pages covers the period 1846-1976. You will discover that the present school district includes all or part of different school districts that formerly existed. A proud school heritage is yours. There is a past filled with change and new ideas. You will find the Des Moines Schools have kept pace with the challenges of a new community, a new state, and a new nation. Dr. Robert R. Denny Assistant Superintendent for Education 24
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Mon, 04 Mar 2013 15:01:00 +0000
<![CDATA[004_Administrative Staff]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51755

Title

004_Administrative Staff

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Format

Book

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

004_AdministrativeStaff.jpg

Transcription

Dr. Dwight M. Davis Superintendent Dr. Robert R. Denny Assistant Superintendent Education Mr. Gerald Robinson Assistant Superintendent Administrative Services Mr. Lester Gabel Executive Director Personnel Dr. Donald Wetter Executive Director Secondary Education Dr. James Bowman Executive Director Elementary Educatior Seated: Mr. James Cunningham. Mr. Nolden Gentry, President George G. Caudill, Superintendent Dwight M. Davis. Back Row: Mr. Merle F. Schlampp, Mrs. Jack Spevak, Dr. John E. McCaw, Dr. Ora Neffenegger, Mrs. Betty Grundberg. Mr. Donald L. Ferguson, Executive Director Plant and Transportation; Dr. Merle Wilson, Director Pupil Services; Dr. E. Keith Hyde, Director Planning and Development; Dr. Morris D. Wilson, Director Evaluation; Mr. Wesley Chapman, Director Intercultural Affairs; Mr. Robert D. Baldwin, Director School-Community Relations
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Thu, 28 Feb 2013 09:27:31 +0000
<![CDATA[003_Title Page - Bicentennial Reflections-History of the Des Moines Public Schools 1846-1976]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51752

Title

003_Title Page - Bicentennial Reflections-History of the Des Moines Public Schools 1846-1976

Description

1976 marked the 130th anniversary of the Des Moines Public Schools. This booklet is a celebration of that event.It provides many of the historical highlights of the development of schools within the city of Des Moines, Iowa.

Creator

Denny, Dr. Robert R.

Publisher

Des Moines Public Schools

Date

1976

Contributor

Des Moines Public Schools Board of Education members including Dr. George G. Caudill, President; Mr. Nolden Gentry, Mrs. Betty Grundberg, Dr. John E. McCaw, Dr. Ora E. Niffenegger, Mr. Merle F. Schlampp, Mrs. Jack Spevak; Dr. Dwight M. Davis, Superintendent of Schools; Henry Kester, Art Consultant and front cover design, W. Dale Harsh and Ted Finch, Printing Instructors; Richard Anderson, Carroll Fetters, and Tech High Students

Rights

Copyright by Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa, June 1976

Format

96 page illustrated monograph 22 x 29 cm. Landscape style paperback

Type

Document

Identifier

State Library of Iowa - First floor book collection, 371.01 Den 1976

Original Format

Paperback Book

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

Repository

State Library of Iowa

Repository Collection

Iowa History

File Name

003_TitlePage.jpg.

Notes

Donated to the State Library of Iowa by Des Moines Public Schools

Digital item created

2011

Digital item modified

2011

Transcription

Bicentennial Reflections-History of the Des Moines Public Schools 1846-1976.

Dr. Robert R. Denny.

Des Moines Public Schools
Board of Education

Dr. George G. Caudill, President

Mr. Holden Gentry
Mrs. Betty Grundberg
Dr. John E. McCaw
Dr. Ora E. Niffenegger
Mr. Merle F. Schlampp
Mrs. Jack Spevak

Superintendent of Schools
Dr. Dwight M. Davis

Front Cover Design - Henry Kester, Art Consultant

Copyright June 1976, Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa

Printing - W. Dale Harsch, Ted Finch, Printing Instructors

Richard Anderson, Carol Fetters and Tech High Students

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Wed, 27 Feb 2013 15:57:26 +0000
<![CDATA[002_Inside Front Cover]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51751

Title

002_Inside Front Cover

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Date

1976

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

002_InsideFrontCover.jpg

Transcription

W. O. Riddell Superintendent 1907 - 1913 Z. C. Thornberg Superintendent 1913 - 1920 John W. Studebaker Superintendent 1920 - 1937 A. W. Merrill Superintendent 1937 - 1941 Newell D. McCombs Superintendent 1941 - 1956 Cress O. Hoyt Superintendent 1956 - 1957 Dr. John H. Harris Superintendent 1957-1964 Dr. Paul M. Mitchum Acting Superintendent 1964 - 1965 Dr. Dwight M. Davis Superintendent 1965 -
002_Inside Front Cover.jpg
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Wed, 27 Feb 2013 15:56:47 +0000
<![CDATA[001_Front Cover]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51750

Title

001_Front Cover

Description

1976 marked the 130th anniversary of the Des Moines Public Schools. This booklet is a celebration of that event.It provides many of the historical highlights of the development of schools within the city of Des Moines, Iowa.

Creator

Denny, Dr. Robert R.

Publisher

Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa

Date

1976

Contributor

Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa

Rights

Copyright by Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines, Iowa, June 1976

Format

96 page illustrated monograph 22 x 29 cm. Landscape style paperback

Type

Document

Identifier

State Library of Iowa - First floor book collection, 371.01 Den 1976

Original Format

Paperback Book

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

Repository

State Library of Iowa

Repository Collection

Iowa History

File Name

001_Bicentennial Reflections

Digital item created

2011

Digital item modified

2011

Transcription

Bicentennial Celebrations: The History of the Des Moines Public Schools---1876-1976 Robert R Denny, Des Moines Public Schools, Des Moines Iowa. FIRST PUBLIC SCHOOL- 1855 (Photograph) 9TH AND LOCUST LINCOLN HIGH-1923 (Photograph) S. W. 9TH AND BELL GARFIELD SCHOOL- 1881 (Photograph) 629 THIRD STREET EDMUNDS ELEM. SCHOOL- 1974 (Photograph) 1601 CROCKER
001_Front cover.jpg
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Wed, 27 Feb 2013 15:48:13 +0000
<![CDATA[020_Studies Offered in the Des Moines High Schools]]> https://www.iowaheritage.org/items/show/51746

Title

020_Studies Offered in the Des Moines High Schools

Description

This is a page from the collection "Bicentennial Reflections: History of Des Moines Public Schools, 1876-1976" by Dr. Robert R. Denny, published by the Des Moines Public Schools in Des Moines, Iowa in 1976.

Digital Reproduction Information

JPEG scanned at 600 dpi resolution on an Epson Expression 10000XL Scanner

File Name

Page020 StudiesOfferedintheDesMoinesHigh Schools.jpg

Transcription

20 THE STUDIES OFFERED IN THE DES MOINES HIGH SCHOOLS 1922-1923 The studies offered in the Des Moines High Schools are arranged in groups of related subjects. The table below gives the semester and year in which each subject s offered and the group to which it belongs.
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Tue, 26 Feb 2013 14:30:44 +0000